The phase in the Classical period in which some elements of Turkish music exerted a superficial influence on the Western music. Examples are Turkish marches in Beethoven's Eroica and Choral symphonies, Ruins of Athens and Mozart's Rondo alla Turca from Piano sonata K311. Also in operas of Mozart (Die Entfuhrung aus dem Serail), Weber (Abu Hasan), Rossini (Il Turco in Italia) Turkish or Middle-Eastern elements were used.